Python inheritance

The object-oriented paradigm relies heavily on inheritance. Since we can use an existing class to create a new one rather than starting from scratch, inheritance gives the program code reusability.

Through inheritance, the child class acquires the parent class's properties and has access to the parent class's entire set of data members and functions.


Additionally, a child class can implement the parent class's functions in a unique way. We will go over inheritance in detail in this tutorial section.


Python allows a derived class to inherit a base class by simply putting the name of the base in brackets after the name of the derived class. To incorporate a base class into a derived class, consider the following syntax.

Types Of Inheritance

There are five types of inheritance in Python based on the number of child and parent classes involved.


The following is a list of inheritance types:


Multiple inheritances 

Multilevel inheritance

Hierarchical inheritance 

Hybrid inheritance 

Single inheritance

Single Inheritance

A child class inherits from a single-parent class in single inheritance. There is one parent class and one child class here.

Multiple Inheritance

One child class can inherit from multiple parent classes in multiple inheritances. As a result, there are multiple parent classes in this one location.

Hierarchical Inheritance

A single-parent class is the source of more than one child class in hierarchical inheritance. To put it another way, we can say that there is one parent class and multiple child classes.

Hybrid Inheritance

Hybrid inheritance occurs when there are multiple types of inheritance or when they are combined.


Python super() function

Inheritance occurs when a class inherits all parent class properties and behavior. The inherited class is a subclass in this scenario, and the latter class is the parent class.


We can use the super() function to refer to the parent class in the child class. We can call a parent class method within a child class method thanks to the super function's return of a temporary object.


Benefits of using the super() function.


To access its methods, we do not need to remember or specify the name of the parent class.


The super() function can be utilized in both single inheritances and multiple inheritances.


Code reuse is made possible by the super() function, which eliminates the need to write the entire function.

issubclass() 

We can determine in Python whether a class is a subclass of another class. We can make use of the issubclass() built-in function in Python for this purpose. If the given class is a subclass of the specified class, this function returns True.


If not, it will return False.

Method Overriding

In inheritance, the child class has access to all of the parent class's members by default.


It is permissible for the child class to redefine that method by extending additional functions in the child class if the implementation of the parent class does not satisfy the child class.


Method overriding is the name of this idea.

A method in a child class is said to override a method in a parent class when it has the same name, parameters, and return type as the parent class's method.

Method Resolution Order in Python

The order in which Python looks for a method or attribute is referred to as Method Resolution Order (MRO) in Python. The class searches for the method or attribute first, in the order we specified when inheriting.


The linearization of a class is another name for this order, and the method resolution order (MRO) is a set of rules. Because a single method can be found in multiple parent classes, the MRO plays a crucial role in multiple inheritances.


The search order in multiple inheritances is as follows.


If the current parent class is unavailable, it searches there first, followed by the parent classes specified when inheriting (from left to right).


We are able to obtain a class's MRO. We can use either the mro() method or the mro attribute for this purpose.


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